K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee5p c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u00e2ng cao d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n
1. Ki\u1ec3m So\u00e1t \u00c1nh S\u00e1ng
\n\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong nhi\u1ebfp \u1ea3nh. C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n
\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean: Ch\u1ee5p v\u00e0o gi\u1edd v\u00e0ng (golden hour) \u2013 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian sau khi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u1eb7n \u2013 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u1ea5m \u00e1p.
\n\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e8n flash, \u0111\u00e8n studio ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e8n LED \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng trong kh\u00f4ng gian t\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng.
\nK\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ea3n s\u00e1ng (bounce light): D\u00f9ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m ph\u1ea3n s\u00e1ng (reflector) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng cho v\u00f9ng t\u1ed1i.
\n2. B\u1ed1 C\u1ee5c H\u00ecnh \u1ea2nh
\nB\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
Quy t\u1eafc m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba (Rule of Thirds): Chia khung h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh 9 ph\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng nhau b\u1eb1ng hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ecdc v\u00e0 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ngang. \u0110\u1eb7t ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m giao nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 thu h\u00fat.
\n\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn (Leading Lines): S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u00e0ng c\u00e2y, hay d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn m\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem v\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3.
\nKh\u00f4ng gian \u00e2m (Negative Space): \u0110\u1ec3 kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng xung quanh ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tho\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e3ng v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3.
\n3. T\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ed9 M\u00e0n Tr\u1eadp (Shutter Speed)
\nT\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0n tr\u1eadp \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh b\u1eaft chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n
T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi ch\u1ee5p c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 thao, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eafn tung. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: 1\/1000 gi\u00e2y.
\nT\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm: D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edd, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho \u1ea3nh ph\u01a1i s\u00e1ng, d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1eb7c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng trong \u0111\u00eam. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: 1\/10 gi\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c l\u00e2u h\u01a1n.
\n4. \u0110i\u1ec1u Ch\u1ec9nh Kh\u1ea9u \u0110\u1ed9 (Aperture)
\nKh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0o c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3nh (DOF).<\/p>\n
Kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn (f\/1.8 \u2013 f\/2.8): T\u1ea1o hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng x\u00f3a ph\u00f4ng (bokeh) l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho \u1ea3nh ch\u00e2n dung.
\nKh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ecf (f\/11 \u2013 f\/16): Th\u00edch h\u1ee3p khi c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eafc n\u00e9t to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong \u1ea3nh phong c\u1ea3nh ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac.
\n5. C\u00e2n B\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ed9 Nh\u1ea1y S\u00e1ng (ISO)
\nISO quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n
ISO th\u1ea5p (100 \u2013 400): Cho h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh s\u1eafc n\u00e9t, \u00edt nhi\u1ec5u h\u1ea1t, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p khi ch\u1ee5p trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ed1t.
\nISO cao (800 \u2013 3200): H\u1eefu \u00edch trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea3nh v\u00ec nhi\u1ec5u h\u1ea1t.
\n6. K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt L\u1ea5y N\u00e9t
\nL\u1ea5y n\u00e9t t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng (Autofocus): Ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ea5y n\u00e9t theo ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 (Single AF cho \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean, Continuous AF cho \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng).
\nL\u1ea5y n\u00e9t th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng (Manual Focus): D\u00f9ng khi c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n trong ch\u1ee5p macro ho\u1eb7c \u1ea3nh ph\u01a1i s\u00e1ng.
\n7. K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt Ph\u01a1i S\u00e1ng (Exposure)
\nPh\u01a1i s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00fang s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n
\u0110o s\u00e1ng (Metering Mode): S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111o s\u00e1ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh (Matrix, Spot, Center-Weighted) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng.
\nB\u00f9 ph\u01a1i s\u00e1ng (Exposure Compensation): \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng khi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.
\n8. S\u1eed D\u1ee5ng \u1ed0ng K\u00ednh Ph\u00f9 H\u1ee3p
\nCh\u1ecdn \u1ed1ng k\u00ednh \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1ebd n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n
\u1ed0ng k\u00ednh g\u00f3c r\u1ed9ng: Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ee5p phong c\u1ea3nh, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac.
\n\u1ed0ng k\u00ednh tele: L\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee5p ch\u00e2n dung ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf xa.
\n\u1ed0ng k\u00ednh macro: D\u00f9ng cho ch\u1ee5p c\u1eadn c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf.
\n9. T\u01b0 Th\u1ebf Ch\u1ee5p \u1ea2nh
\nT\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00fap h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf rung l\u1eafc, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng ch\u00e2n m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n
Gi\u1eef m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 hai tay.
\nT\u1ef1a v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n.
\nS\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00e2n m\u00e1y khi ch\u1ee5p v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0n tr\u1eadp ch\u1eadm.
\n10. H\u1eadu K\u1ef3 Ho\u00e0n Thi\u1ec7n
\nD\u00f9 b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb9p ngay t\u1eeb m\u00e1y, h\u1eadu k\u1ef3 v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n
C\u00e2n ch\u1ec9nh \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc: D\u00f9ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m Lightroom ho\u1eb7c Photoshop \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n ch\u1ec9nh ph\u01a1i s\u00e1ng, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc.
\nC\u1eaft c\u00fap (Crop): \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c sau khi ch\u1ee5p.
\nLo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m: X\u00f3a c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eafc n\u00e9t.
\nK\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn
\nK\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. H\u00e3y luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t, truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh b\u1ea1n!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee5p c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 n\u00e2ng cao d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":175,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-189","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hoi-dam"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhiepanh.sonla.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/189","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhiepanh.sonla.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhiepanh.sonla.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhiepanh.sonla.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhiepanh.sonla.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=189"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/nhiepanh.sonla.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/189\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":190,"href":"https:\/\/nhiepanh.sonla.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/189\/revisions\/190"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhiepanh.sonla.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/175"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nhiepanh.sonla.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=189"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhiepanh.sonla.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=189"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nhiepanh.sonla.org.vn\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=189"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}